Supporting the diagnosis of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor when used in conjunction with an anatomic pathology consultation
Test Id | Reporting Name | Available Separately | Always Performed |
---|---|---|---|
_PBCT | Probe, +2 | No, (Bill Only) | No |
_PADD | Probe, +1 | No, (Bill Only) | No |
_PB02 | Probe, +2 | No, (Bill Only) | No |
_PB03 | Probe, +3 | No, (Bill Only) | No |
_IL25 | Interphases, <25 | No, (Bill Only) | No |
_I099 | Interphases, 25-99 | No, (Bill Only) | No |
_I300 | Interphases, >=100 | No, (Bill Only) | No |
This test does not include a pathology consult. If a pathology consultation is requested, PATHC / Pathology Consultation should be ordered and the appropriate FISH test will be ordered and performed at an additional charge.
This test includes a charge for application of the first probe set (2 FISH probes) and professional interpretation of results.
Additional charges will be incurred for all reflex probes performed. Analysis charges will be incurred based on the number of cells analyzed per probe set. If no cells are available for analysis, no analysis charges will be incurred.
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH)
This test does not include a pathology consult. If a pathology consultation is requested, PATHC / Pathology Consultation should be ordered and the appropriate FISH test will be ordered and performed at an additional charge.
This test includes a charge for application of the first probe set (2 FISH probes) and professional interpretation of results.
Additional charges will be incurred for all reflex probes performed. Analysis charges will be incurred based on the number of cells analyzed per probe set. If no cells are available for analysis, no analysis charges will be incurred.
Tissue
Advise Express Mail or equivalent if not on courier service.
1. A pathology report is required in order for testing to be performed. Acceptable pathology reports include working drafts, preliminary pathology or surgical pathology reports.
2. A reason for testing must be provided. If this information is not provided, an appropriate indication for testing may be entered by Mayo Clinic Laboratories.
Question ID | Description | Answers |
---|---|---|
CG747 | Reason for Referral |
Submit only 1 of the following specimens:
Specimen Type: Tissue
Preferred: Tissue block
Collection Instructions: Submit a formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissue block. Blocks prepared with alternative fixation methods may be acceptable; provide fixation method used.
Acceptable: Slides
Collection Instructions: Four consecutive, unstained, 5 micron-thick sections placed on positively charged slides, and 1 hematoxylin and eosin-stained slide.
If not ordering electronically, complete, print, and send an Oncology Test Request (T729) with the specimen.
Two consecutive, unstained, 5 micron-thick sections placed on positively charged slides, and 1 hematoxylin and eosin-stained slide.
Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
---|---|---|---|
Tissue | Ambient (preferred) | ||
Refrigerated |
Supporting the diagnosis of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor when used in conjunction with an anatomic pathology consultation
This test does not include a pathology consult. If a pathology consultation is requested, PATHC / Pathology Consultation should be ordered and the appropriate FISH test will be ordered and performed at an additional charge.
This test includes a charge for application of the first probe set (2 FISH probes) and professional interpretation of results.
Additional charges will be incurred for all reflex probes performed. Analysis charges will be incurred based on the number of cells analyzed per probe set. If no cells are available for analysis, no analysis charges will be incurred.
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a distinctive lesion composed of myofibroblastic spindle cells accompanied by an inflammatory infiltrate of plasma cells, lymphocytes, and eosinophils which occur primarily in the soft tissue and viscera of children and young adults. They may arise in any anatomical site including lung, soft tissue, retroperitoneum, and bladder.
The genetic mechanisms underlying IMT pathogenesis are only partially known, but cytogenetic analyses have disclosed chromosomal rearrangements involving the ALK gene at 2p23. Studies support that identification of ALK gene rearrangement is useful to differentiate IMTs from other spindle cell neoplasms of soft tissue and viscera.
An interpretive report will be provided.
A neoplastic clone is detected when the percent of cells with an abnormality exceeds the normal cutoff for the ALK probe set.
A positive result is consistent with a subset of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT).
A negative result suggests that an ALK gene rearrangement is not present but does not exclude the diagnosis of IMT.
This test is not approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and it is best used as an adjunct to existing clinical and pathologic information.
Fixatives other than formalin (eg, Prefer, Bouin's) may not be successful for FISH assays, however nonformalin-fixed samples will not be rejected.
Paraffin-embedded tissues that have been decalcified are generally unsuccessful for FISH analysis. The pathologist reviewing the hematoxylin and eosin-stained slide may find it necessary to cancel testing.
FISH analysis was performed on 76 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples. These included 26 inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMT) (21 bladder and 5 soft tissue), 33 non-IMT spindle tumors, and 50 noncancerous control specimens (25 bladder and 25 soft tissue). The normal controls were used to generate a normal cutoff for this assay. Rearrangement of ALK was identified in 18 of 26 IMT specimens. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed these were negative for ALK-1. The remaining spindle cell tumors were also negative for ALK rearrangement and ALK-1 staining.
1. Coffin CM, Fletcher JA: Chapter II: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour. In World Health Organization Classification of Tumors. Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of Soft Tissue and Bone. Edited by CDM Fletcher, KK Unni, F Mertens. Lyon, IARC Press, 2002, pp 91-93
2. Sukov WR, Cheville JC, Carlson AW: Utility of ALK-1 protein expression and ALK rearrangements in distinguishing inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor from malignant spindle cell lesions of the urinary bladder. Mod Pathol 2007 May;20(5):592-603
3. Tsuzuki T, Magi-Galluzzi C, Epstein JI: ALK-1 expression in inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the urinary bladder. Am J Surg Pathol 2004;28:1609-1614
4. Li XQ, Hisaoka M, Shi DR: Expression of anaplastic lymphoma kinase in soft tissue tumors: an immunohistochemical and molecular study of 249 cases. Hum Pathol 2004 Jun;35(6):711-721
5. Griffin CA, Hawkins AL, Dvorak C, et al: Recurrent involvement of 2p23 in inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours. Cancer Res 1999;59:2776-2780
The test is performed using a commercially available ALK dual-color break-apart strategy probe (BAP). Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues are cut at 5 microns and mounted on positively charged glass slides. The selection of tissue and the identification of target areas on the hematoxylin and eosin (H and E)-stained slide is performed by a pathologist. Using the H and E-stained slide as a reference, target areas are etched with a diamond-tipped etcher on the back of the unstained slide to be assayed. The probe set is hybridized to the appropriate target areas and 2 technologists each analyze 50 interphase nuclei (100 total) with the results expressed as the percent of abnormal nuclei.(Unpublished Mayo method)
Monday through Sunday
This test was developed using an analyte specific reagent. Its performance characteristics were determined by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements. This test has not been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.
88271x2, 88291-DNA probe, each (first probe set), Interpretation and report
88271x2-DNA probe, each; each additional probe set (if appropriate)
88271x1-DNA probe, each; coverage for sets containing 3 probes (if appropriate)
88271x2-DNA probe, each; coverage for sets containing 4 probes (if appropriate)
88271x3-DNA probe, each; coverage for sets containing 5 probes (if appropriate)
88274 w/modifier 52-Interphase in situ hybridization, <25 cells, each probe set (if appropriate)
88274-Interphase in situ hybridization, 25 to 99 cells, each probe set (if appropriate)
Test Id | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
---|---|---|
IMTF | ALK, (2p23), IMT, FISH, Ts | 78205-2 |
Result Id | Test Result Name |
Result LOINC Value
Applies only to results expressed in units of measure originally reported by the performing laboratory. These values do not apply to results that are converted to other units of measure.
|
---|---|---|
52171 | Result Summary | 50397-9 |
52173 | Interpretation | 69965-2 |
54587 | Result | 62356-1 |
CG747 | Reason for Referral | 42349-1 |
52174 | Specimen | 31208-2 |
52175 | Source | 31208-2 |
52176 | Tissue ID | 80398-1 |
52177 | Method | 85069-3 |
55029 | Additional Information | 48767-8 |
52178 | Released By | 18771-6 |
53828 | Disclaimer | 62364-5 |