Test Catalog

Test Id : DIMER

Not Orderable

D-Dimer, Plasma

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Overview

Test Catalog

Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful

Diagnosis of intravascular coagulation and fibrinolysis, also known as disseminated intravascular coagulation, especially when combined with clinical information and other laboratory test data (eg, platelet count, assays of clottable fibrinogen and soluble fibrin monomer complex, and clotting time assays-prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time)

 

Exclusion of the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis, particularly when results of a sensitive D-dimer assay are combined with clinical information, including pretest disease probability

Method Name
A short description of the method used to perform the test

Only orderable as part of a profile or reflex. For more information see:

ALBLD / Bleeding Diathesis Profile, Limited, Plasma

AATHR / Thrombophilia Profile, Plasma and Whole Blood

APROL / Prolonged Clot Time Profile, Plasma

ADIC / Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation/Intravascular Coagulation and Fibrinolysis (DIC/ICF) Profile, Plasma

ALUPP / Lupus Anticoagulant Profile, Plasma

 

Latex Immunoassay (LIA)

NY State Available
Indicates the status of NY State approval and if the test is orderable for NY State clients.

Yes

Reporting Name
Lists a shorter or abbreviated version of the Published Name for a test

D-Dimer, P

Aliases
Lists additional common names for a test, as an aid in searching

D-dimer

Specimen Type
Describes the specimen type validated for testing

Plasma Na Cit

Specimen Required
Defines the optimal specimen required to perform the test and the preferred volume to complete testing

Only orderable as part of a profile or reflex. For more information see:

ALBLD / Bleeding Diathesis Profile, Limited, Plasma

AATHR / Thrombophilia Profile, Plasma and Whole Blood

APROL / Prolonged Clot Time Profile, Plasma

ADIC / Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation/Intravascular Coagulation and Fibrinolysis (DIC/ICF) Profile, Plasma

ALUPP / Lupus Anticoagulant Profile, Plasma

Reject Due To
Identifies specimen types and conditions that may cause the specimen to be rejected

Gross hemolysis Reject
Gross lipemia Reject
Gross icterus Reject

Specimen Stability Information
Provides a description of the temperatures required to transport a specimen to the performing laboratory, alternate acceptable temperatures are also included

Specimen Type Temperature Time Special Container
Plasma Na Cit Frozen 14 days

Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful

Diagnosis of intravascular coagulation and fibrinolysis, also known as disseminated intravascular coagulation, especially when combined with clinical information and other laboratory test data (eg, platelet count, assays of clottable fibrinogen and soluble fibrin monomer complex, and clotting time assays-prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time)

 

Exclusion of the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis, particularly when results of a sensitive D-dimer assay are combined with clinical information, including pretest disease probability

Clinical Information
Discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test

Thrombin, the terminal enzyme of the plasma procoagulant cascade, cleaves fibrinopeptides A and B from fibrinogen, generating fibrin monomer. Fibrin monomer contains D domains on each end of the molecule and a central E domain. Most of the fibrin monomers polymerize to form insoluble fibrin, or the fibrin clot, by repetitive end-to-end alignment of the D domains of 2 adjacent molecules in lateral contact with the E domain of a third molecule. The fibrin clot is subsequently stabilized by thrombin-activated factor XIII, which covalently cross-links fibrin monomers by transamidation, including dimerization of the D domains of adjacently polymerized fibrin monomers. The fibrin clot promotes activation of fibrinolysis by catalyzing the activation of plasminogen (by plasminogen activators) to form plasmin enzyme. Plasmin proteolytically degrades cross-linked fibrin, ultimately producing soluble fibrin degradation products of various sizes that include cross-linked fragments containing neoantigenic D-dimer (DD) epitopes.

 

Plasmin also degrades fibrinogen to form fragments X, Y, D, and E. D-dimer immunoassays use monoclonal antibodies to DD neoantigen and mainly detect cross-linked fibrin degradation products, whereas the fibrino(geno)lytic degradation products-X, Y, D, and E, and their polymers may be derived from fibrinogen or fibrin. Therefore, the blood content of D-dimer indirectly reflects the generation of thrombin and plasmin, roughly indicating the turnover or activation state of the coupled blood procoagulant and fibrinolytic mechanisms.

Reference Values
Describes reference intervals and additional information for interpretation of test results. May include intervals based on age and sex when appropriate. Intervals are Mayo-derived, unless otherwise designated. If an interpretive report is provided, the reference value field will state this.

Only orderable as part of a profile or reflex. For more information see:

ALBLD / Bleeding Diathesis Profile, Limited, Plasma

AATHR / Thrombophilia Profile, Plasma and Whole Blood

APROL / Prolonged Clot Time Profile, Plasma

ADIC / Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation/Intravascular Coagulation and Fibrinolysis (DIC/ICF) Profile, Plasma

ALUPP / Lupus Anticoagulant Profile, Plasma

 

< or =500 ng/mL Fibrinogen Equivalent Units (FEU)

D-dimer values < or =500 ng/mL FEU may be used in conjunction with clinical pretest probability to exclude deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE).

Interpretation
Provides information to assist in interpretation of the test results

D-dimer values less than or equal to500 ng/mL fibrinogen-equivalent units (FEU) are normal. Within the reportable normal range (220-500 ng/mL FEU), measured values may reflect the activation state of the procoagulant and fibrinolytic systems, but the clinical utility of such quantitation is not established.

 

A normal D-dimer result (< or =500 ng/mL FEU) has a negative predictive value of approximately 95% for the exclusion of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) or deep vein thrombosis when there is low or moderate pretest PE probability.

 

Increased D-dimer values are abnormal but do not indicate a specific disease state. D-dimer values may be increased as a result of:

-Clinical or subclinical intravascular coagulation and fibrinolysis (ICF)/disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC).

-Other conditions associated with increased activation of the procoagulant and fibrinolytic mechanisms such as recent surgery, active or recent bleeding, hematomas, trauma, or thromboembolism.

-Association with pregnancy, liver disease, inflammation, malignancy or hypercoagulable (procoagulant) states.

 

The degree of D-dimer increase does not definitely correlate with the clinical severity of associated disease states.

Cautions
Discusses conditions that may cause diagnostic confusion, including improper specimen collection and handling, inappropriate test selection, and interfering substances

Lipemia can interfere with this assay, causing an overestimation of the D-dimer level. Therefore, results from lipemic specimens should be interpreted with caution.

 

The presence of rheumatoid factor at a level above 50 IU/mL may lead to an overestimation of the D-dimer level.

Clinical Reference
Recommendations for in-depth reading of a clinical nature

Favaloro EJ, Lippi G. eds. Hemostasis and Thrombosis: Methods and Protocols. 1st ed. Humana Press; 2017

Method Description
Describes how the test is performed and provides a method-specific reference

The D-dimer assay is performed using the HemosIL D-Dimer HS 500 kit on the Instrumentation Laboratory ACL TOP instrument. D-dimer is assayed in plasma by adding polystyrene latex particles coated with monoclonal antibodies specific for D-dimer domain. The latex particles agglutinate in the presence of soluble fibrin degradation products containing the D-dimer domain. The degree of agglutination is directly proportional to the concentration of D-dimer in the sample and is determined by measuring the decrease of transmitted light caused by the aggregates (turbidimetric immunoassay).(Package insert: HemosIL D-Dimer HS 500. Instrumentation Laboratory Company,02/2017)

PDF Report
Indicates whether the report includes an additional document with charts, images or other enriched information

No

Day(s) Performed
Outlines the days the test is performed. This field reflects the day that the sample must be in the testing laboratory to begin the testing process and includes any specimen preparation and processing time before the test is performed. Some tests are listed as continuously performed, which means that assays are performed multiple times during the day.

Monday through Friday

Report Available
The interval of time (receipt of sample at Mayo Clinic Laboratories to results available) taking into account standard setup days and weekends. The first day is the time that it typically takes for a result to be available. The last day is the time it might take, accounting for any necessary repeated testing.

Same day/1 to 4 days

Specimen Retention Time
Outlines the length of time after testing that a specimen is kept in the laboratory before it is discarded

7 days

Performing Laboratory Location
Indicates the location of the laboratory that performs the test

Rochester

Fees
Several factors determine the fee charged to perform a test. Contact your U.S. or International Regional Manager for information about establishing a fee schedule or to learn more about resources to optimize test selection.

  • Authorized users can sign in to Test Prices for detailed fee information.
  • Clients without access to Test Prices can contact Customer Service 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
  • Prospective clients should contact their account representative. For assistance, contact Customer Service.

Test Classification
Provides information regarding the medical device classification for laboratory test kits and reagents. Tests may be classified as cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and used per manufacturer instructions, or as products that do not undergo full FDA review and approval, and are then labeled as an Analyte Specific Reagent (ASR) product.

This test has been cleared, approved, or is exempt by the US Food and Drug Administration and is used per manufacturer's instructions. Performance characteristics were verified by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements.

CPT Code Information
Provides guidance in determining the appropriate Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code(s) information for each test or profile. The listed CPT codes reflect Mayo Clinic Laboratories interpretation of CPT coding requirements. It is the responsibility of each laboratory to determine correct CPT codes to use for billing.

CPT codes are provided by the performing laboratory.

85379

LOINC® Information
Provides guidance in determining the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) values for the order and results codes of this test. LOINC values are provided by the performing laboratory.

Test Id Test Order Name Order LOINC Value
DIMER D-Dimer, P 48067-3
Result Id Test Result Name Result LOINC Value
Applies only to results expressed in units of measure originally reported by the performing laboratory. These values do not apply to results that are converted to other units of measure.
DIMER D-Dimer, P 48067-3

Test Setup Resources

Setup Files
Test setup information contains test file definition details to support order and result interfacing between Mayo Clinic Laboratories and your Laboratory Information System.

Excel | PHP Pdf | CMS Pdf

Sample Reports
Normal and Abnormal sample reports are provided as references for report appearance.

Normal Reports | Abnormal Reports

SI Sample Reports
International System (SI) of Unit reports are provided for a limited number of tests. These reports are intended for international account use and are only available through MayoLINK accounts that have been defined to receive them.

SI Normal Reports | SI Abnormal Reports