Test Catalog

Test Id : VORI

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Voriconazole, Serum

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Overview

Test Catalog

Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful

Monitoring trough levels of voriconazole is suggested for:

-Individuals with reduced liver function

-Individuals with cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 alterations associated with poor metabolic function

-Patients taking other medications that affect CYP2C19 activity

-Patients experiencing potential toxicity

 

Monitoring trough levels may be reasonable in patients who are not responding optimally or have drug interactions that may decrease voriconazole levels or to ensure adequate oral absorption

Method Name
A short description of the method used to perform the test

Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)

NY State Available
Indicates the status of NY State approval and if the test is orderable for NY State clients.

Yes

Reporting Name
Lists a shorter or abbreviated version of the Published Name for a test

Voriconazole, S

Aliases
Lists additional common names for a test, as an aid in searching

Vfend (Voriconazole)

Specimen Type
Describes the specimen type validated for testing

Serum Red

Specimen Required
Defines the optimal specimen required to perform the test and the preferred volume to complete testing

Collection Container/Tube: Red top (serum gel/SST not acceptable)

Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial

Specimen Volume: 2 mL

Collection Instructions: Centrifuge and aliquot serum into plastic vial within 2 hours of collection.

Specimen Minimum Volume
Defines the amount of sample necessary to provide a clinically relevant result as determined by the Testing Laboratory

0.6 mL

Reject Due To
Identifies specimen types and conditions that may cause the specimen to be rejected

Gross hemolysis OK
Gross lipemia OK
Gross icterus OK
 

Specimen Stability Information
Provides a description of the temperatures required to transport a specimen to the performing laboratory, alternate acceptable temperatures are also included

Specimen Type Temperature Time Special Container
Serum Red Refrigerated (preferred) 28 days
Ambient 28 days
Frozen 28 days

Useful For
Suggests clinical disorders or settings where the test may be helpful

Monitoring trough levels of voriconazole is suggested for:

-Individuals with reduced liver function

-Individuals with cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 alterations associated with poor metabolic function

-Patients taking other medications that affect CYP2C19 activity

-Patients experiencing potential toxicity

 

Monitoring trough levels may be reasonable in patients who are not responding optimally or have drug interactions that may decrease voriconazole levels or to ensure adequate oral absorption

Clinical Information
Discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test

Voriconazole (Vfend) is an antifungal agent approved for treatment of invasive aspergillosis and candidemia/candidiasis, as well as for salvage therapy for infections in patients refractory to, or intolerant of, other antifungal therapy. The drug inhibits the fungal enzyme 14a-sterol demethylase, a critical step in ergosterol biosynthesis.

 

Voriconazole is metabolized in the liver primarily by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19 with CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 having limited roles. The primary metabolite is voriconazole N-oxide, which has no antifungal activity. Drug clearance is primarily dependent on hepatic metabolism. The pharmacokinetics of voriconazole is highly variable and nonlinear, which results in an increased dose leading to a greater than proportional increase in serum concentration.

 

The bioavailability of oral voriconazole is greater than 95%. Approximately 60% of the drug in serum is protein bound. Voriconazole has a volume of distribution of 4.6 L/kg. Most (80%) of the drug is excreted in the urine, exclusively as metabolites.

 

Adverse effects of voriconazole include visual disturbances, skin rashes, and elevated liver enzyme levels.

Reference Values
Describes reference intervals and additional information for interpretation of test results. May include intervals based on age and sex when appropriate. Intervals are Mayo-derived, unless otherwise designated. If an interpretive report is provided, the reference value field will state this.

1.0-5.5 mcg/mL

Trough level (ie, immediately before next dose) monitoring is recommended.

Interpretation
Provides information to assist in interpretation of the test results

Trough levels above 6 mcg/mL (and especially >10 mcg/mL) have been associated with toxicity in several reports.

 

Trough levels below 1 mcg/mL have been associated with suboptimal response in several reports.

Cautions
Discusses conditions that may cause diagnostic confusion, including improper specimen collection and handling, inappropriate test selection, and interfering substances

Voriconazole metabolism may be altered by coadministration of drugs that metabolically induce or inhibit cytochrome P450 2C19 or by genetic alterations that affect enzyme activity.

Clinical Reference
Recommendations for in-depth reading of a clinical nature

1. Andes D, Pascual A, Marchetti O: Antifungal therapeutic drug monitoring: established and emerging indications. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009 Jan;53(1):24-34. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00705-08

2. Hope WW, Billaud EM, Lestner J, Denning DW: Therapeutic drug monitoring for triazoles. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2008 Dec;21(6):580-586. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0b013e3283184611

3. Wilson JW, Estes LL, eds: Mayo Clinic Antimicrobial Therapy. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press; 2011

4. Donnelly JP, De Pauw BE: Voriconazole-a new therapeutic agent with an extended spectrum of antifungal activity. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2004 Mar;10:107-117

5. Physicians Desk Reference, (PDR) 60th edition. Medical Economics Company, 2006 update to 2008

6. Brunton LL, ed: Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 11th ed. McGraw-Hill Book Company; 2006

7. Luong ML, Al-Dabbagh M, Groll AH, et al: Utility of voriconazole therapeutic drug monitoring: a meta-analysis. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2016 Jul;71(7):1786-1799. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkw099

Method Description
Describes how the test is performed and provides a method-specific reference

The serum sample is diluted in an acetonitrile internal standard. The protein precipitate is centrifuged and a portion of the supernatant is diluted with mobile phase 1 for detection by a tandem mass spectrometer.(Unpublished Mayo method)

PDF Report
Indicates whether the report includes an additional document with charts, images or other enriched information

No

Day(s) Performed
Outlines the days the test is performed. This field reflects the day that the sample must be in the testing laboratory to begin the testing process and includes any specimen preparation and processing time before the test is performed. Some tests are listed as continuously performed, which means that assays are performed multiple times during the day.

Monday through Sunday

Report Available
The interval of time (receipt of sample at Mayo Clinic Laboratories to results available) taking into account standard setup days and weekends. The first day is the time that it typically takes for a result to be available. The last day is the time it might take, accounting for any necessary repeated testing.

Same day/1 to 2 days

Specimen Retention Time
Outlines the length of time after testing that a specimen is kept in the laboratory before it is discarded

2 weeks

Performing Laboratory Location
Indicates the location of the laboratory that performs the test

Rochester

Fees
Several factors determine the fee charged to perform a test. Contact your U.S. or International Regional Manager for information about establishing a fee schedule or to learn more about resources to optimize test selection.

  • Authorized users can sign in to Test Prices for detailed fee information.
  • Clients without access to Test Prices can contact Customer Service 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
  • Prospective clients should contact their account representative. For assistance, contact Customer Service.

Test Classification
Provides information regarding the medical device classification for laboratory test kits and reagents. Tests may be classified as cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and used per manufacturer instructions, or as products that do not undergo full FDA review and approval, and are then labeled as an Analyte Specific Reagent (ASR) product.

This test was developed and its performance characteristics determined by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements. It has not been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.

CPT Code Information
Provides guidance in determining the appropriate Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code(s) information for each test or profile. The listed CPT codes reflect Mayo Clinic Laboratories interpretation of CPT coding requirements. It is the responsibility of each laboratory to determine correct CPT codes to use for billing.

CPT codes are provided by the performing laboratory.

80285

LOINC® Information
Provides guidance in determining the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) values for the order and results codes of this test. LOINC values are provided by the performing laboratory.

Test Id Test Order Name Order LOINC Value
VORI Voriconazole, S 38370-3
Result Id Test Result Name Result LOINC Value
Applies only to results expressed in units of measure originally reported by the performing laboratory. These values do not apply to results that are converted to other units of measure.
88698 Voriconazole, S 38370-3

Test Setup Resources

Setup Files
Test setup information contains test file definition details to support order and result interfacing between Mayo Clinic Laboratories and your Laboratory Information System.

Excel | PHP Pdf | CMS Pdf

Sample Reports
Normal and Abnormal sample reports are provided as references for report appearance.

Normal Reports | Abnormal Reports

SI Sample Reports
International System (SI) of Unit reports are provided for a limited number of tests. These reports are intended for international account use and are only available through MayoLINK accounts that have been defined to receive them.

SI Normal Reports | SI Abnormal Reports